Abstract
The reduction of erythrocyte Electrophoretic Mobility (EPM) is an important diagnostic marker of pathological conditions. In in vitro studies, severe toxemia decreased EPM by 64.0% and membrane ζ-potential by 39.5% compared to the control group. Treatment of blood with biocompatible magnetite nanoparticles (brand MCS-B) restored both parameters toward normal levels, with the most pronounced effect observed at a blood-to-nanoparticle ratio of 2:1 (ΔEPM=+198.4%, Δζ=+60.7%). A strong correlation was observed between EPM and ζ-potential (r=0.91-0.95) with a large effect size (Cohen’s d>1.2). Exposure to MCS-B resulted in a statistically significant increase in erythrocyte mobility (p<0.001), nearly restoring EPM to or slightly above control levels. Optimal efficacy was achieved at a blood-to-nanoparticle ratio of 2:1, while ratios of 3:1 and 1:1 showed partial restoration. Additionally, application of a constant magnetic field with an intensity of 200 kA/m to 250 kA/m for 2-3 minutes effectively removed residual nanoparticles from the blood samples (p<0.001). These results demonstrate the biocompatibility of MCS-B and confirm its ability to restore erythrocyte membrane charge under conditions of severe toxemia. They highlight the clinical potential of this nanomedicine approach as a foundation for novel therapeutic strategies in transfusiology, intensive care, and regenerative medicine. The study addresses a relevant interdisciplinary challenge, integrating hematology, biophysics, and nanotechnology, which is significant for both fundamental science and clinical application.
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